Since 2000, Bashkortostan has been a part of the Volga Federal District. In the early 2000s, the Constitution of Bashkortostan was brought into line with the Constitution of Russia, including the provisions on the sovereignty of the republic, the treaty with the Russian Federation, and in 2015, the post of President of the Republic of Bashkortostan was abolished due to the adoption of the law "On the Head of the Republic of Bashkortostan", which began to name the position of the head of the Republic of Bashkortostan. — chapter[73][74].
In 2015, Ufa hosted the BRICS and SCO summits. In 2016, the transfer of the largest oil producing company Bashneft under the control of Rosneft caused a high-profile "Bashneft case". In August 2020, protests took place in Bashkortostan in Kushtau, and in January 2024, protests took place in Baymak. Since 2022, the head of Bashkortostan, Radiy Khabirov, has actively supported the Russian invasion of Ukraine[75]. By decree of Khabirov, 5 volunteer battalions, the Bashkortostan regiment and the Vatan detachment were created for the war with Ukraine[76]. According to the calculations of the media project "Idel.Realities", at the end of 2024, at least 4,000 natives of Bashkortostan died in the war with Ukraine, and in 2024, according to the publication, Bashkortostan became the leader in terms of established losses of Russian military personnel among all Russian regions[75].State symbols of the Republic of Bashkortostan
The national flag of the Republic of Bashkortostan was approved on February 25, 1992, the same day that the Bashkir SSR was renamed the Republic of Bashkortostan. The flag of Bashkortostan consists of a tricolor rectangular panel: the upper stripe is blue, the central stripe is white, and the lower stripe is green. In the center of the flag is a yellow kurai with seven petals, symbolizing the seven Bashkir tribes. The flag is based on the flag of Bashkurdistan, the First Bashkir Republic, whose flag was planned back in 1991, but was not adopted due to the fact that the marching flag was adopted by the Komi Republic earlier. As a result, a flag was adopted with a changed arrangement of colors and the addition of the color of the hen, so as not to copy the Komi flag.[77][78][79].
The State coat of arms of the Republic of Bashkortostan was approved by the Bashkir law "On the State Coat of Arms of the Republic of Bashkortostan" dated October 12, 1993, and subsequently renamed the State Coat of arms of the Republic of Bashkortostan "On the State Symbols of the Republic of Bashkortostan Bashkortostan" dated July 6, 1999. The coat of arms of the Republic of Bashkortostan is an image of the monument to Salavat Yulaev against the background of the rising sun and its rays, which are framed by the national Bashkir ornament. The underside of the coat of arms depicts an inflorescence of a hen, decorated in the color of the Bashkir flag with a ribbon with the inscription "Bashkortostan"[80][81].
The National anthem of the Republic of Bashkortostan was approved by the Bashkir law "On the National Anthem of the Republic of Bashkortostan" dated October 12, 1993, and subsequently re-approved by another Bashkir law "On the State Symbols of the Republic of Bashkortostan Bashkortostan" dated July 6, 1999. On September 18, 2008, the Kurultai of the Republic of Bashkortostan amended Article 122. The Constitution of the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Law "On the State Symbols of the Republic of Bashkortostan", signed by President Murtaza Rakhimov[81][82][83].
Government structure
House of the Republic
Bashkortostan is a subject of the Russian Federation. According to the Constitution, the Republic is a democratic State governed by the rule of law within the Russian Federation. At the same time, the concept of a Republic (state) from the Constitution of the Russian Federation does not mean recognition of the state sovereignty of a subject of the Russian Federation, but only reflects certain features of its constitutional and legal status related to historical factors. The Constitution of the Russian Federation solely recognizes the equality of subjects of the Federation. The official languages are Bashkir and Russian.
The Constitution
Main article: Constitution of the Republic of Bashkortostan
The Constitution is the basic law of Bashkortostan. Adopted on December 24, 1993.
Constitutional Court of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Main article: Constitutional Court of the Republic of Bashkortostan
From 1996 to 2022, there was the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Bashkortostan, a judicial body of constitutional control that independently and independently exercised judicial authority over constitutional proceedings. It was ordered on January 1, 2023 and replaced by the Constitutional Council, which has no judicial powers[85].
Head of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Main article: Head of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Radiy Faritovich Khabirov — Head of the Republic of Bashkortostan
The head of the subject is the Head of the Republic of Bashkortostan, who is elected by popular vote. Until January 1, 2015, the position was called president[86]. The head of the Republic of Bashkortostan (since September 19, 2019) is Radiy Faritovich Khabirov. The first president of Bashkortostan is Murtaza Gubaidullovich Rakhimov.
The State Assembly-Kurultai of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Main article: State Assembly-Kurultai of the Republic of Bashkortostan
The State Assembly — Kurultai of the Republic of Bashkortostan is a legislative body (parliament) Bashkortostan, consisting of 110 deputies. He is elected by universal suffrage.
Konstantin Tolkachev is the Chairman of the State Assembly-Kurultai of the Republic of Bashkortostan.
Government
Main article: The Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan
The highest executive authority is the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The Head of Government is the Chairman of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan, appointed by the Head of the Republic with the approval of the State Assembly — the Kurultai of the Republic of Bashkortostan.
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